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英语必修五第一单元课文知识1

1. put forward: 提出(计划、建议等);将…提前;把钟表拨快

e.g. He put forward a goodplan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。

The match has been putforward to 1:30. 比赛已经提前到一点半举行。

Put the clock forward byten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。

【词语联想】

put away: 收起来;贮存,储蓄

put down: 放下;写下,记下

put off: 推迟;延期

put on: 穿上;增加;上演(戏剧)

e.g. put on weight: 增加了体重

put on a new play: 上演新戏剧

put up: 张贴;撑开(帐篷)

e.g. put up a poster: 张贴海报

put up a tent: 搭起帐篷

2. conclude: v. 作结论,断定

e.g. The jury concludedthat he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。

conclusion: n. 结论

【习惯用语】

3. defeat vt.打败, 击败, 战胜;使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使无效

e.g. He finally conceded defeat. 他最终承认了失败。

◆区别: defeat, conquer, overcome

defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,

e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。

conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”

e.g. conquer nature 征服自然。

overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言,

e.g. overcome difficulties 克服困难。

4. attend: v.

1) to be present at; go to(meeting, conference, lecture…) 出席;参加

e.g. He decided to attendthe meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。

2) to look after, care for,serve 照顾;看护。

e.g. Which doctor isattending to (on) you? 哪位医生护理你?

3)to go with 伴随

e.g. The work was attendedwith much difficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。

5. expose…to…

e.g. Don't expose your skinto the sun for too long.

不要使你的皮肤暴露在太阳光下太长时间。

They had to be exposed tothe enemy's gunfire.

他们不得不冒着敌人的炮火。

6. blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人

e.g. He blamed the boy forhis mistake.

Who is to blame for themistake?这个错误应归咎于谁?

7. in addition: 除此之外,另外, 意思相当于 besides, what's more

e.g. I paid 100 Yuan inaddition. 我又付了 100 元。

In addition to English, hehas to study a second language.

除了英语以外,他还要学习第二外国语。

◆区别: in addition to, except, besides,beside

in addition to:除…之外,还有…,表示递进关系。

e.g. The company providedthe workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期,还有免费午餐。

except: 除…之外,表示在整体中排除,

e.g. Everyone except me gotan invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬.

besides表示“除了……以外,还有……”,与in addition to 同义,

e.g. Besides Mr Wang, wealso went to see the film.王先生也去了。

We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。

beside : 在…旁边。表示方位。

e.g. Lily sits beside me inclass. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。

英语必修五第一单元课文知识2

同义句转换

1)He speaks French as well as English.

e.g. He speaks French inaddition to/besides English.

2) Apart from the salary,it’s not a bad job.

e.g. In addition to/Exceptthe salary, it’s not a bad job.

8. announce: 公布;宣告

e.g. He announced hisdecision. 他宣布了他的决定。

9. absorb v.

1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。

【习惯用语】

2)专心于

The little girl wasabsorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注的阅读一篇故事

10. challenge n.挑战; 挑战书; 邀请比赛; 要求决斗

vt. 向…挑战, 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议

e.g. meet the serious challenge 面对严峻挑战

英语必修五第一单元课文知识3

高频短语必会

1.add up合计;加起来

I'm going to add up all the money I have.

我要合计一下我所有的钱。

[快速闪记]

(1)add的意思是“把……加上去”,不是“增加”,如“增加工资”,应用increase或raise。

(2)add to增加;add up to合计达;add…to…把……加到……

Please add up the numbers and I'm sure they will add up to more than 1,000.

请把这些数字加起来,我确信它们加起来多于1 000。

2.calm(…) down (使)平静下来;(使)镇定下来

The crying child soon calmed down.

哭闹的小孩儿不一会儿就安静下来了。

3.go through 经历,经受;穿过;仔细检查;完成;用完

I went through the same thing last year.

我去年也经历了同样的事情。

I can't go through the book in one day.

这本书我一天看不完。

[快速闪记]

go up上升;攀登;增长;被建造起来

go with陪……一起去;伴随;与……相配

go without 没有,缺乏,将就;不言而喻,理所当然

go wrong出毛病;失败

4.set down 记下;放下;登记

I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.我不想像大多数人那样做的在日记里记下一系列的事实。

[快速闪记]

set down记下;放下;登记;让某人下车

set aside把……放在一边;省出,留出(钱或时间)

set up建立;创立;开办

set off动身;使爆炸

set about (doing) sth 开始/着手(做)某事

set out出发,动身;开始(后跟不定式)

5.a series of一连串的;一系列;一套

Then they began a series of experiments.

这时他们开始了一系列的试验。

6.on purpose 故意

I came here on purpose to see you.

我特地来这里看你。

7.in order to 为了……

In order to catch the train,she got up early.

为了赶上火车,她起床很早。

He decided to work harder so as to/in order to catch up with the others.

他决心更加努力学习,以便赶上其他人。

[快速闪记]

in order to为了……,表目的,后接动词原形,可位于句首或句中,相当于so as to,但后者不能位于句首。其否定形式为:in order not to/so as not to。

8.no longer/not…any longer 不再……

He was long a famous musician,but he plays no longer/doesn't play any longer.

他成为有名的音乐家已很久了,但他现在不演奏了。

9.suffer from遭受;患病

Do you often suffer from a headache?

你经常头痛吗?

[快速闪记]

(1)suffer后常接hunger,pain,loss,defeat,poverty,punishment,hardship,damage等名词作宾语。

(2)suffer from后常接表示疾病的名称或造成不幸、痛苦的事物的名称作宾语。

10.get/be tired of对……厌烦

get/be tired from/with因……而疲倦、劳累

11.fall in love 相爱;爱上

The first time Tom saw Mary,he fell in love with her.Tom第一次见到Mary就爱上了她。

[快速闪记]

(1)fall in love (with sb)爱上(某人),表示动作,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。

(2)be in love (with sb) (与某人) 相爱,属状态性动词短语,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。

12.join in参加;加入

They danced and danced until a lot of us joined in.

他们不停地跳着舞,直到我们中间许多人都参加了进去。

(1)join in指参加正在进行的活动,其宾语一般是竞赛、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词,可用于join in (doing) sth/join sb in (doing) sth。

(2)join常指加入某组织或团体,并成为其中的一员,其宾语往往是the army/team/club或sb 等。

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